10^40 of Ray Tomes Three paragraphs from the bottom, above "References".
© Copyright. Robert Grace. 1999
38.2 "N 10^80", the Square of 10^40
"the number of protons located inside (the) Hubble radius (cth), the distance traveled
by light since the creation of the Universe, is N 10^80... not much less than the
total number of baryons (protons and neutrons), or even the total number of baryons and electrons too. Note that N is the square of the ubiquitous number 10^40,
a remarkable apparent coincidence...
Davies.
38.3 Age of Universe and Number of Particles
Because 10^40 is so unusually large, it is all the more striking to encounter this
same number in several apparently different contexts. It was noted by Sir Arthur
Eddington and Paul Dirac, that the age of the Universe should be related numerically to the number of particles...
Davies.
The magic number 10^40 crops up yet again... (concerning the total number of charged
particles in the Universe)...
Davies.
38.4 Background Radiation
(and again) concerning cosmic dynamics of background radiation in equation <radiation/rs
is less than 10^-29> and is close to the value (10^40)^-3/4.
Davies.
38.5 Change Effects of One Part in 10^40
..."dramatic effects would result from changes in the strength of gravity, or the
weak force, of less than one part in 10^40.
38.6 Age of Universe and Ratio of Electric and gravitational Forces
...the age of the Universe (10^40) in nuclear units is the same huge order of magnitude
as the ratio of electrical to gravitational forces between two protons.
Davies.
38.7 t^now(human existence) and t^n(nuclear time)
...the mystery is, why does t^ now (existence of the human community) bear the
same numerical relation to t^n (nuclear time) as the electric force between the
protons bears to their gravitational attraction?
Davies.
38.8 Ratio (10^40)^1/4 and the Number of Stars and Galaxies
...or the ratio (10^40)^1/4 of the number of stars in the galaxy and the number
of galaxies in the Universe.
The Accidental Universe.
By P.C.W. Davies.
QB 981. D268 (1982).
38.9 Dr. Harold E. Putoff Answers
The answer to these cosmic coincidences seem to be well explained by Dr. Harold
E. Putoff in a paper originally appearing in Speculations in Science and Technology,
Vol. 13, No. 4, pp. 247-257, 1990. It also appears on the internet concerning zero-point fluctuation fields (zpf) and cold fusion.
Under the heading of the paper "The Energetic Vacuum":
The implications for Energy Research, "subheading source of zero- point energy",
Dr. Putoff describes why these coincidences occur:
"The details of the calculations (of the previous paragraph) examine the possibility
that zpf fields drive particle motion, and that the sum of particle motions throughout
the universe in turn, generates the zpf fields, in the form of a self-regenerating cosmological feedback cycle not unlike a cat chasing its own tail. This self- consistent
field approach, carried out, assuming inflationary cosmology, is found to yield
the correct frequency distribution and the correct order of magnitude to match the known zpf distribution, thus supporting the hypothesis that the zpf fields
are dynamically generated.
As it turns out, there is an additional bonus from the calculations. A derived expression
relating to the zero-point energy density to such factors as the mass density and
the size of the universe also yields a precise expression for an observed "cosmological coincidence" often discussed in the context of Dirac's large-numbers hypothesis:
namely, that the electrical to gravitational force ratio between the electron
and proton is equal to the ratio of the Hubble distance to the size of the classical electron. According to the relevant calculations such a cosmological coincidence
is seen to be a consequence of the cosmologically-based zpf-generation mechanism
under consideration that serves to link cosmological and atomic parameters.
The overall picture that emerges, then, is that the electromagnetic zpf spectrum
is generated by the motion of charged particles throughout the Universe which
are themselves are undergoing zpf- induced motion, in a kind of self-regenerating
grand ground state of the Universe. In contrast to the other particle-field interactions,
the zpf-interaction constitutes a stable "bottom rung" vacuum state that decays
no further but reproduces itself on a dynamic-generation basis. In such terms it
is possible to explicate on a rational basis the observed presence of vacuum zero-point
energy".
Dr Harold E. Putoff.