NEW YORK TIMES ARTICLE
Dec. 21, 2000
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    By BONNIE ROTHMAN MORRIS
     
       
       
       
     
    Mr. Francis, 29, is not a scientist, and has taken only a handful of classes
    at a community college, but he is a self-educated computer programmer from
    San Jose, Calif., who just happens to be comfortable, he says, discussing
    the theories and applications of mathematical physics, vector algebra and
    calculus.
     
    Ten years ago, Mr. Francis started talking online with other people who shared
    his interests. Along with lively discussions with the other science enthusiasts,
    Mr. Francis often found himself debating people who espoused bizarre theories
    that were more science fiction than science. The more Mr. Francis argued
    with them, the more they dug in their heels.
     
    Mr. Francis began thinking of these people as cranks, reasoning that science
    is an ever-evolving process, and scientists change their views as they make
    new discoveries that tear down old assumptions. On the other hand, "a crank
    has already made up his mind, evidence one way or another will not make him
    change it," Mr. Francis said.
     
    In 1996, Mr. Francis created a separate file in his computer to keep track
    of the cranks and their Web sites. In 1997, he spun off his quickly sprawling
    file into a separate domain, and dubbed it Crank Dot Net (www.crank.net).
     
    Today, Crank Dot Net is an index of about 1,000 of these sites. Through it,
    Mr. Francis performs the role of vigilante, by ranking and categorizing Web
    sites propounding pseudoscience that Mr. Francis says is misleading and simply
    ridiculous. On Crank Dot Net, Mr. Francis pulls a quote from each site that
    he feels best defines it, then ranks the sites as "Cranky (Downright strange),
    Crankiest, (above and beyond the normal call of the crank), and Illucid,
    (Something so beyond understanding that it defies classification)."
     
    Among the sites listed by Mr. Francis are ones espousing time travel,
    teleportation, alchemy, crop circles and the idea that the Earth is hollow.
    There are several sites dedicated to an old favorite, cold fusion, which
    created a sensation when it was announced in 1989 but now is largely dismissed
    by the scientific community.
     
    Initially, Mr. Francis said, he kept track of these kinds of sites for his
    own amusement, in an effort to study their abnormal psychology. What struck
    him was how television has influenced pseudo-science. "It's surprising to
    me how many scientific cranks think pseudoscience and technobabble are really
    how science gets done," wrote Mr. Francis in an e-mail message, blaming the
    thinking on the influence of "Star Trek."
     
    Mr. Francis said he had also come to believe that many people create their
    own scientific theories because they simply don't understand the real ones.
    Since math is fundamental to science and many people are math illiterate,
    he said, they simply think words will do. To Mr. Francis, words are simply
    not enough.
     
    Crank Dot Net's sorting and filtering function for strange stuff on the Web
    has taken on a wider import: helping site visitors see fallacy for what it
    is. To that end, Mr. Francis also lists extreme religions, white supremacists
    and hatemongers on the site, along with crystal healers and victims of alien
    abductions.
     
    Mr. Francis isn't the only Web vigilante out there devoted to pin-pointing
    fallacy to encourage critical thinking. Phil Plaitt, the Web master of Bad
    Astronomy started his site (www.badastronomy.com) devoted to exposing myths
    about astronomy because he was, he says "full of righteous fury," after watching
    a TV news reader on a national network morning show give a report on the
    space shuttle then laugh on air that he had no idea what he was talking about.
     
    "I have a passion for the rightness of science," said Mr. Plaitt, an astronomer
    and a friend of Mr. Francis. "Science works. It's a pretty good way to describe
    the universe." Mr. Plaitt suggests that sites like Bad Astronomy and Crank
    Dot Net provide a "process to separate the rational from the irrational."
     
    As the Internet expands to give every person a platform to say whatever he
    wants about the way the universe works, (a good thing, in both Mr. Francis's
    and Mr. Plaitt's view), it behooves people like Mr. Francis, Mr. Plaitt and
    the Webmaster of similar sites, like Quintessence of the Loon
    (www.ratbags.com/loon) to put them in context.
     
    In addition to the pseudoscience sites, Crank Dot Net features an anticrank
    category that lists sites "fighting crankism, debunking bad science and promoting
    logic."
     
    Crank Dot Net also flags sites that are parodies. Sometimes, Mr. Francis
    admits, it is tough separating the parodies from the real thing. Sometimes,
    he has ranked a site as cranky, only to be corrected by site visitors.
     
    "It's really hard to tell the difference," Mr. Francis said. "The crankiest
    people, literally, they are talking and you are giggling and what they're
    saying is ridiculous, but they are serious."
     
    Mr. Francis said he received several submissions daily suggesting sites to
    mention. Many of the submissions come from cranky Webmasters. In fact, Mr.
    Francis said he rarely gets complaints from the Webmasters he's clearly
    criticizing on the site. "Most are quite pleased," he said. "By no means
    is Crank Dot Net considered a hostile resource by people who are listed there."
     
    Mr. Francis recently listed Greatdreams.com and rated it "crankiest." Almost
    immediately, he received an e-mail message from Dee Finney, the site's Webmaster,
    thanking him for the listing.
     
    "Our main thrust is to educate people to watch their dreams," Mrs. Finney
    said. `In their dreams you see the future. "We're tickled to be listed. He
    has got the best links on his site to any educational subject that we actually
    favor."
     
     Related Sites  
     
   
      To Surf, Perchance to Dream
       
        
      If you dream that your hard drive is crashing, do you wake up just before
      the Fatal System Error message appears? What would be the meaning of a dream
      about a cursor that was frozen, not flashing, on a blank screen? And in
      scrutinizing nightmares about computers, are there times when a hard drive
      is really just a hard drive?
       
      As computers leach deeper into the subconscious, accounts of anxiety-filled
      dreams about them are showing up in the public spaces of the Internet and
      in off-line conversations. While "10,000 Dreams Interpreted" by Gustavus
      Hindman Miller, written in 1909, featured dream objects like absinthe, reapers
      and saltpeter, and current dream lexicons are filled with cars and airplanes,
      it may be that before long, control panels and File Not Found messages will
      be regularly showing up in the collective subconscious.
       
      The posting, reading and analysis of dreams is already something of an
      international spectator sport. People post their dreams in dozens of online
      dream journals, Web rings and newsgroups, and computers play starring roles
      in some of these pre-breakfast reveries. Recent sleep studies indicate that
      dreaming is more likely to be a tool for the brain to process information
      than to be a source of meaning and guidance, with symbols to be interpreted
      and heeded. But dreams and their import remain a topic of water-cooler and
      chat-room conversation.
       
      Few therapists have noticed computers turning up in their patients' accounts
      of dreams, but some of them say computers have not been in common use long
      enough to become part of dreamers' repertory.
       
      One therapist who has noticed a difference is Barbara J. Lee, a clinical
      social worker in South Pasadena, Calif., who says that about 5 percent of
      her clients have reported computer-related dreams. A Jungian, she says the
      computer is becoming its own archetype, a symbol of how modern life has
      accelerated.
       
      "American society wants faster food and shortcuts, and a computer can embody
      that," Ms. Lee said. "Sometimes we lose our own identity. It's really about
      the individual's sense of not being in control."
       
      Dreams about computers are quite easy to find through the Web. John Jacobs,
      26, a programmer in Miami Lakes, Fla., posted the following dream on the
      alt.dreams newsgroup: "I was in some kind of store. There was a large mainframe
      computer on my left. The computer would churn out a tape of something like
      bubble gum. My brother was also there. After receiving the bubble gum tape,
      I would look intently at it until I saw something, whatever vision had been
      designed in the tape by the computer."
       
      An online query about Internet dreams drew this e-mail response from Kathleen
      Barco, director of media relations at Kaiser Permanente in Pasadena, Calif.
      She described her dream this way: "I sent my e-mail messages to print and
      there were so many the printer just kept chugging them out and buried me
      in paper. Then I woke up!"
       
      But mainstream psychologists and sleep researchers have not reported any
      great flood of computer dreams even where you might expect them. Robert A.
      Hicks, a professor of psychology specializing in dreams at San Jose State
      University, said: "It is a little surprising to us that we've never run across
      that here in the Silicon Valley. We do see a lot of stress-related dreams
      here. It's a stressful place."
       
      Psychologists, psychiatrists and other scientists have long debated whether
      dreams reflect subconscious forces within dreamers or simply show what bothers
      people in their daily lives. The latter point of view is in favor now, Dr.
      Hicks said.  
       
      Dr. Allan Hobson, a professor of psychiatry at Harvard Medical School, said
      most dreams involved emotions and physical motion but not sedentary activities.
      "Certain activities, like computing, that you think would be in there a lot
      aren't," he said. "Reading, writing, sitting at one's desk, the kinds of
      things we do all day, almost never get in there."
       
      The idea " that dreams are mainly an effort to disguise unconscious conflict
      is outmoded," Dr. Hobson said. But many other psychologists and psychiatrists
      -- as well as Web site operators with scant or no professional training --
      still find meaning in dreams. For them, what is the meaning behind the monitor?
       
      Take Jacobs's dream about the computer and the tape, which he continued to
      describe this way: "The computer gave me another piece of gum tape. I put
      it up to my eyes and I saw the earth. I didn't have any idea what to make
      of any of it, so I left."
       
      Rosalind Cartwright, director of the Sleep Disorder Service at
      Rush-Presbyterian-St. Luke's Medical Center in Chicago, suggested that Jacobs
      might be finding new technology to be a bit beyond him.
       
      "He can't understand it," she said. "He can't make sense out of it, and it's
      pointing at all different directions at once. He wishes life was simple again
      and would just give him bubble gum as a direct reward." So far, she said,
      she has not run across any computer-related dreams in her studies.
       
      In some computer nightmares, a manufactured brain overpowers a human brain.
      An entry on the
      Dream
      Page, a Web site where people post their dreams, said: "The room was
      dark and I heard an evil sound come from the floor. I could not scream or
      call for my roommates, the next thing I know my computer is biting me. I
      woke up and finished my English paper, well to this day the computer and
      I have not spoken."
       
      Thomas Wear, a Jungian clinical psychologist in Seattle, said he viewed
      computers, with their objectivity, as male. "There's nothing warm about the
      machine itself, nothing nurturing or inviting, that I would suggest goes
      along with femininity in the Jungian sense," he said. "The machine itself
      is cold. All you can do is touch it with your fingertips. It sort of demands
      that you jump to its tune."
       
       
      Dr. Wear said people who don't write code and create software might feel
      that they have made a stressful move from being tool users to being tool
      tenders. The computer seems to become the master.
       
      One place to go for a layman's interpretation of technology-related dreams
      is Myths
      Dreams Symbols, run by Jerry Gifford, 48, a fence contractor in Nashville.
      "The mind is the greatest computer," said Gifford, who started working with
      dreams six years ago. Gifford said he based his interpretations on the teachings
      of the psychoanalyst Carl Jung and the mythologist Joseph Campbell.
       
      One prolific dreamer, Dee Finney of Waterford, Calif., who chronicles her
      "Crystal Visions and Dreams" on
      Dee's Dreams and Visions
      , posted four dreams and a vision on Dec. 17, 1997, including this frustrating
      one:
       
      "I was on the computer, typing in U.R.L.'s, trying to make a pattern so that
      if you clicked on one, it would take you full circle through the sites back
      to the beginning from whatever point you started in a Ferris-wheel-type pattern.
      I was not able to solve the puzzle."
       
      Three days later, she had another dream about a circle of messages.
       
      She realized that from the center of the circle, she could reach any point
      on it or zoom to another wheel. "It had to do with birth and death of one
      species of birds and the cycles of life and the tree or vines it lived in,"
      she wrote.
       
      Richard Wilkerson, a self-described dream educator in the San Francisco Bay
      area and editor of Electric
      Dreams, a Web zine , took a stab at analyzing Ms. Finney's circle-related
      dreams via e-mail.
       
       
	 
      Dream Dictionary  
      Tips
      and Information  
      Mind Media Review  
      "Here we have what Jung would have identified as a Mandala, or complete geometric
      expression of Wholeness," he wrote. "If this were my dream, I would say that
      I have finally realized one of the greater truths about Mazes and Labyrinths,
      that I solve them not by escaping, but by going directly to the center."
       
      John Suler, a professor of psychology at Rider University in Lawrenceville,
      N.J., said the dreaming mind had much in common with the Web-surfing mind.
      In his Web textbook,
      The Psychology
      of Cyberspace, Dr. Suler said: "Under the right conditions, cyberspace
      becomes a dream world, not unlike the world which emerges when we sink into
      sleep.
       
      The user can transcend the laws of space and physics. One simply has to click
      on a button to be transported from one location to another. There is no swinging
      of feet or turning of wheels to confirm that one has moved."
       
      Willa G. Cline, a Web designer in Kansas City, Mo., may have had the ultimate
      computer dream, of a computer that would analyze her dreams. She published
      the following in her Online
      Dream Journal
       
      "I was working on this dream page, and when I hit the return key on the keyboard,
      I was taken to another page and I couldn't figure out how I got there. I
      went back and tried to recreate what I had done, and it happened again. I
      eventually figured out that when I was looking at one of my dreams, if I
      hit 'return' the computer automatically interpreted my dream for me. If I
      put the cursor on a specific word or phrase and hit 'return,' I received
      an interpretation of just that portion of the dream. I thought this was pretty
      clever and made a mental note to come back and try it again when I had more
      time."
       
      When asked about anxious computer-related dreams, she said she didn't believe
      that this one qualified because she viewed it as positive.
       
      "I can't remember ever having an anxiety dream about computers, actually,"
      she said in an e-mail message. "I *love* computers. They don't make me anxious.
      :)"
       
     
   October 1, 1998
   
       
      Can dreams tell people something about their relationship to technology?
      Many people who report having such dreams say they can. Following are a
      computer-related dream and several interpretations of it: 
       
       THE DREAM: 
       
        "I have experienced a high-anxiety dream in which the walls of a
      room are computer screens," Tanya Tabachnikoff, director of media relations
      at Marlboro College in Marlboro, Vt., said in an e-mail message describing
      a dream she had had about six months ago. "When I use the keyboard to try
      to go to a Web site, the computer interrupts me with moving messages of new
      software programs that I must download before proceeding, or else it is deluging
      me with products I must purchase -- demanding my credit card number, expiration
      date, etc. Even when I refuse to enter any information, it starts racking
      up the bill in front of my eyes.
       
      "I feel completely trapped by the room, completely at the mercy of these
      enormous monitors surrounding me. The computer 'persona' (which is definitely
      masculine) is overpowering and relentless, verging on cruel, and I am struggling
      to regain control as it attempts to take control of me." 
       
      Ms. Tabachnikoff, responding to an electronic posting in search of
      computer-related dreams, said her dream might be related to her pregnancy
      -- a condition that she says leads to vivid dreams -- and to her college's
      growing reliance on technology. She said Marlboro had embraced computers
      as a tool for education, offering master's degrees in Internet Technology
      Management and Teaching With the Internet, programs she has helped promote.
      And she often uses e-mail to communicate with her boss and co-workers.
       
      "I guess all the emphasis on technology has had some anxiety-provoking effect
      on my unconscious," she wrote. "The dream obviously conveys a fear of computers
      taking over our lives." 
       
      Circuits asked a number of dream interpreters, amateur and professional,
      to analyze Ms. Tabachnikoff's dream.
       
       THE INTERPRETATIONS: 
       
      John Suler, a professor of psychology at Rider University, said: "You have
      the masculine, father-type image of the computer as a masculine, controlling
      force. It's a turnaround because usually we think of computers as servants.
       
      This is a source of anxiety: you're thinking you're in control, but there's
      a kind of betrayal by them in that dream."  
      Thomas Wear, a Jungian clinical psychologist in Seattle, said: "Now the machine
      has all the information, all the data, and you're just the operator, still
      a tool tender. You're tending the machine and nothing more. Suddenly this
      impersonal thing obviously overwhelms her and surrounds her, and she feels
      attacked by its masculine energy. Computers are totally masculine in the
      sense that they are totally objective."
       
      Hillary Butler, a certified social worker with a Freudian bent at the
      Postgraduate Center for Mental Health in New York, said: "Certainly there's
      a fear/wish to be submissive and to be dominated. There's a sense absolutely
      of being overwhelmed, being out of control, being at the mercy of another,
      which again can be a fear and a wish. I think it's both. So the college,
      the job, the boss are all representations of a father, and the fear and the
      wish to give in to a powerful father. I don't know that this was particularly
      about computers, except that that's her life, that's the language that she
      would use to express her deepest desires and fears."
       
       
      Dr. Allan Hobson, a professor of psychiatry at Harvard Medical School, said:
      "It's a classic REM-sleep dream in that it has anxiety, a fair amount of
      bizarreness, incongruity and things that are probably very unlikely if not
      physically impossible. What it doesn't have is scene changes or action. It
      feels like a kind of relatively static preawakening experience.
       
      "The problem with dream interpretation is it was never scientific and can
      never be scientific, but that doesn't mean we won't do it. We interpret
      everything. My guess is that you'd still have as many interpretations as
      you have people. That's an inexact process and should be left outside the
      realm of science."
       
     
     
  
   
  The following is Richard Wilkerson's response to an e-mail from
  TinaKelley@aol.com at the NYTimes. 9-22-98 - used with permission from Richard
  Wilkerson. 10-01-98
   
  Digital Dreaming: The Evolution of the Computer Symbol.
   
  John's Gum Computer dream
   
  John Jacobs, 26, a programmer in Miami Lakes, Florida, posted the following
  dream on the newsgroup alt.dreams:
   
  "I was in some kind of store. There was a large mainframe computer on my
  left. The computer would churn out a tape of something like bubble gum. My
  brother was also there. After receiving the bubble gum tape, I would look
  intently at it until I saw something, whatever vision had been designed in
  the tape by the computer. As I saw things, I would relay them to my brother.
   
  "The first thing that I saw was so totally inexplicable that I could probably
  only put it in a painting. I suppose you could say I saw paisleys of white
  light. But I had absolutely no idea what they meant. These paisleys of light
  started out as arrows pointing the way through a large maze.
   
  "The computer gave me another piece of gum-tape. I put it up to my eyes and
  I saw the earth…I didn't have any idea what to make of any of it, so I left."
   
  The yaramb computer dream
   
  "I had a dream, a sick dream. I was walking along the varamb~ [cq] of a paddy
  field. I was yelling ‘pazhaya computer vAngngAn ALundOOO?, pazhaya computer
  vAngngAn ALundOOO?' [cq] and I had a heavy bundle of computer junks (monitors,
  mother boards, floppies) on my head. I looked like the occasional aluminium
  [cq] vessel-vendor on the street."
   
  (According to the glossary attached to the page, a varamb~ is "a narrow path
  made of mud, across or along a paddy field" and he was yelling "Yo! anybody
  out there to buy these used computers?")
   
  The Entry Key Dream
   
  another: "I was working on this dream page," she wrote, "and when I hit the
  return key on the keyboard I was taken to another page and I couldn't figure
  out how I got there. I went back and tried to recreate what I had done, and
  it happened again. I eventually figured out that when I was looking at one
  of my dreams, if I hit ‘return' the computer automatically interpreted my
  dream for me. If I put the cursor on a specific word or phrase and hit
  ‘return,' I received an interpretation of just that portion of the dream.
  I thought this was pretty clever and made a mental note to come back and
  try it again when I had more
   
  Finney's Ferris wheel Dream
   
  another person: The next day, when she recorded four dreams and a vision,
  Finney had the following dream: "I was on the computer, typing in url's,
  trying to make a pattern so that if you clicked on one, it would take you
  full circle through the sites back to the beginning from whatever point you
  started in a Ferris- wheel type pattern. I was not able to solve the puzzle."
   
  Three days later, she had another dream about a Ferris-wheelian circle of
  messages, where she came to understand that from the center of the circle
  she could reach any point on it, or zoom to another wheel.
   
  "It had to do with birth and death of one species of birds and the cycles
  of life and the tree or vines it lived in," she wrote.
   
  =================================================================
   
  Computer dreams build a symbolic bridge to the 21st Century across which
  the meanings of our culture that survive the 20th Century can travel. What
  I mean is that computers are a new technology born in the 20th Century and
  bound to mature and be significant in the 21st. The symbolism and meaning
  we attach to them and that emerges from them will be seen in our dreams.
  If Swiss Depth Psychologist Carl G. Jung is correct, these symbols not only
  reflect our personal and cultural attitudes about computers, but also carry
  the next step in the evolution of our personality.
   
  Stage 1. Centralized Computing.
   
  The personal meaning of John's Gum Computer dream is something only John
  may know. But by taking the dream as if it were our own, we can look at the
  elements that we share culturally, and perhaps even find some personal
  significance for our own lives.
   
  Let's set aside the meaning in a dream of the computer for a moment and see
  how the computer symbol works. I will pretend the dream is my own...
   
  In "my" Gum Computer dream I go to a store, meaning I am about to buy something.
  For me, this means I'm about to buy into a perspective or viewpoint, about
  to invest my personality or desires in a particular new way of being. Or
  I'm shopping for this new attitude. In this dream it is a main frame computer,
  or the central computer that dominates the shopping place. In this dream
  the computer is putting out a tape or program or vision of life that I am
  barely able to see. It is new, inexplicable and I can only imagine communicating
  it as a painting. I can relay the image to my brother, a significant act.
  Jung often talked about how new meanings in our lives first appear on the
  horizon as an image that can barely be spoken. Being one of the original
  art therapists, he would often have his patients paint, draw and mold in
  clay or in a sandtray the dream image. After some time and work with this
  material, the meaning would emerge. But the process was like going through
  a maze. First we turn one way, then another, and when all hope of getting
  out seems lost, we make one more turn, and there is, the path way beyond
  the labyrinth. In the Gum Computer dream, I look through the image of the
  world the computer is presenting and find no way to express it and leave.
  Even though the vision is gummy and I can stretch it a little this way and
  that. Perhaps I am not ready for this vision, and perhaps I reject it. It
  many be that my vision of the world is not spewed out by this particular
  machine. I may not want a vision of the world that comes from a main frame,
  but rather from a distributed processing model.
   
  Now back to the computer symbolism.
   
  It is interesting to note that our view of the computer itself is changing
  and this too will not only be reflected in dreams but can be a way to gather
  insight about ourselves. At one time a computer was seen as a central computing
  device. Cartoons in the 1960's always had the main frames churning out some
  funny message to men in white lab coats. Science Fiction of the same time
  pitted man against some centralized computer that was about to take over
  the world, or universe. These books manifested into movies & TV shows
  in the 1970s and 1980s . In this sense, the computer represented to us our
  fears of becoming stripped of individuality and threatened our sense of
  superiority. Dreams of centralized computers may be used to gain insight
  into our fears in these areas and maybe our desires as well. Sometimes we
  desire our own imprisonment to avoid personal growth.
   
  Stage 2. Interactivity
   
  In the Return Key dream, the computer symbol is shifting from a technological
  advance to a technological space, and from an authoritarian spew of directions
  and answers to an interactive journey. The question of the simulation of
  reality is emerging. That is, it is a dream within a dream. What is real
  is not like in the centralized computer dream where reality is reeled out
  by the machine, but though a relationship with the machine. I might say that
  if this were my dream, I would see the computer here as a tool of communication
  and meaning. It helps us interpret our dreams. If we can hit the return key
  in the right place.
   
  Stage 3. Transition
   
  The yaramb computer dream forms a image from the cycle of apocalyptic fiction.
  Here, the world has become a place were recycling and chaos exceeds production
  and organization. Carl Jung often talks about the dream itself as a kind
  of bricouler, a fellow who collects and sells what others have thrown away.
  In our new computer world, just as soon as we buy a computer it is obsolete.
  Like the yaramb dreamer, we have all become bricoulers and junk collectors,
  patching together an old modem from one machine with a graphics card from
  another.We try to stay ahead of the junk and make use of it, but we feel
  like we are in a field of mud. Now this sets up an interesting condition
  for our psyche and dreammaker. In the past, our dreams had machines that
  stayed around for a while. The plow lasted for a thousand years. The steam
  engine for a century. Cars for decades. As symbols of the unconscious they
  formed a threatening but stable image pattern. Computers will carry with
  them a sense of transience and will be useful as dream symbols for exploring
  our new relationship with technology. Note: I would like to widen the notion
  of technology to mean here not just machines of metal, but any extension
  of function and pleasure. The jaw, for example, is technology, extended slowly
  over time via evolution. To explore the most profound levels of our emotional
  relationships with technology, we need to see the full extension of this
  class of objects. The struggle of the individual in the postmodern world
  is for some, to find uniqueness and spirit in a world that offers only basic
  survival in heaps of junk. Others feel it is the notion of individuality
  itself that creates the piles of junk. Between these to polar views, we move
  along the yaramb.
   
  Stage 4. Distributed Network
   
  Finney's Ferris wheel dreams may be seen as a end stage in the current evolution
  of computer symbolism. Here we have what Jung would have identified as a
  Mandala, or complete geometric expression of Wholeness. If this were my dream,
  I would say that I have finally realized one of the greater truths about
  Mazes and Labyrinths, that I solve them not by escaping, but by going directly
  to the center. One may make the metaphor here to life, that problems are
  solved not by running form them but by entering into them. At first, I try
  addressing (typing in URLs) the problem to others, still trying to send the
  problem off to someone else. But in the later dream I see that I need to
  find a central pivot and can enter other wheels and networks this way. The
  dream goes on to amplify this with a larger vision of the cycles of life
  and death. The computer here is entering into a new kind of symbolism, a
  vehicle for transportation and mediated communications with other. The Internet
  addresses become paths not just to new rooms in a maze, but whole new worlds.
  Dreams that entertain these notions of computers will allow the dreamer to
  shift from a maze to amazing. I suspect that dream computers will represent
  fear of the unknown for some, but will in general transport our fear of
  technology into into the plows of a new distributed global field of dreams.
   
  . Richard Wilkerson is a Bay Area dream educator and the editor of the Electric
  Dreams e-zine. He offers classes in dream interpretation online and manages
  the electronic communications program for ASD, the Association for the Study
  of Dreams.
   
  Homesite Electric Dreams Homesite
   
  Association for the Study of Dreams
  Association for the Study of Dreams
   
  email Richard Wilkerson
   
  email Dee Finney
   
   
   
    Copyright 1998 The New York Times Company
   
  
    
  
      Taking the Mask Off Pseudoscience
    
    
    Peter DaSilva for The New York Times Erik Max Francis started
    keeping track of pseudoscience for his own amusement.
    
    
    
    
    These sites are not part of The New York Times on the Web,
    and The Times has no control over their content or availability.
    • Crank Dot Net 
    • Bad Astronomy 
    • Quintessence of the Loon 
    • Greatdreams.com 
    
  
  
    
  
      
  
	October 1, 1998
      
      
      Some people who spend their days with computers are finding
      that the machines have also invaded their dreams.  
	By TINA KELLEY
      
      
      
      
      "Almost all of us have dreams directly related to things we're involved with,
      so it's not surprising that people who post dreams on the Internet are posting
      dreams about computers," he said.
      
      SITE-SEEING DREAM INTERPRETATION
      
      
      "10,000 Dreams Interpreted," a great old book by Gustavus Hindman Miller
      listing dream symbols, can be found here in its entirety. 
      
      You can receive an e-mail tip list on dreams, including hints for clearer
      dreaming. 
      
      This site describes Dream Analyzer software ($15), which will "recognize
      thousands of dream symbols and reveal their real meanings." 
	
      
    
  
      
  
       
	Dream Analysis: Meaning of the Monitor
      
      
	By TINA KELLEY
      
      
       One dream (a computer run amok), four
      interpretations.