1964: Powerful earthquake strikes Alaska

A devastating earthquake initially measuring 8.6 on the Richter scale struck Alaska today, flattening buildings and triggering a massive tidal wave.

"Half a dozen small Alaska coastal towns were nearly wiped out," reported The Daily Review on March 28, 1964. "The death and destruction extended as far south as Crescent City, Calif., more than 2,000 miles from the center of the quake – the heaviest ever to strike populated areas in the United States."

NOTE: The earthquake's magnitude was later revised to 9.2, making it the largest earthquake ever recorded in the U.S. and the fourth largest ever recorded. More than 100 deaths were attributed to the earthquake and ensuing tidal waves.

Links to the Past
Giant Quake Smashes Alaska Cities
March 28, 1964

A Killer Tidal Wave Rips California Coast
San Mateo Times March 28, 1964

Alaska Pummeled By Quake, Waves
The Daily Review March 28, 1964

Quake Devastates Alaska
The Fresno Bee Republican March 28, 1964


Click on newspaper for full view

Independent
March 28, 1964

NEWS Seismic Hazard: Stateline Fault System of California/Nevada Is Major Component of Eastern California Shear Zone CALIFORNIA WIRED FOR EARTHQUAKES Discovery News Tuesday, July 10, 2001 http://dsc.discovery.com/news/reu/20010709/earthquake.html Scientists on Friday unveiled a $20 million system expected to revolutionize the study of earthquakes by measuring the earth's movements down to the millimeter. The Southern California Integrated Global Positioning System Network (SCIGN), a joint project by universities and federal agencies including the U.S. Geological Survey and NASA, uses satellites originally designed for military navigation to measure the constant movements of the jigsaw puzzle-like plates that make up the Earth's crust. The resulting measurements, which are accurate down to a millimeter, will enable better prediction of the timing of quakes, provide clues as to how they might be related and identify faults not currently linked to seismic activity, scientists said. The system will also contribute to earthquake hazard assessments in Southern California, the world's most seismically active area, scientists said at a press conference in suburban Los Angeles. "California is now wired like no place else in the U.S.," said John Filson of the USGS. "Never before has a network like SCIGN been built. It is unique in the world, and other countries are learning from SCIGN as they attempt to understand and cope with their earthquake risks." The system, a network of 250 satellite receivers placed alongside freeways, dams, and on private property, will complement existing technology already in place to measure seismic shaking. Such measurement, Filson said, can be compared to taking the "pulse of the earth," by monitoring the location and magnitude of earthquakes. The new program, he said, will "read the Earth's blood pressure" by measuring the tiny, inevitable, and steady buildup of strain produced by movements of the North American and Pacific plates upon which Los Angeles is built. "What we're measuring is all that goes into the build-up of an earthquake," said Mark Benthien, a spokesman for the Southern California Earthquake Center, the parent organization of SCIGN. USGS's Filson added: "Ultimately we are confident (SCIGN) will help lower the risk to society in Southern California of the earthquake threat." The project began 10 years ago and significantly expanded after the 6.7 magnitude 1994 Northridge quake that rocked Southern California, killing 57 people and causing more than $20 billion in damage. The entire project was finished on July 2, officials said. The technology is expected to provide continuous information for at least 50 years. Scientists said they eventually hope to expand the monitoring to cover North America from Alaska to the southern tip of Mexico. The program is also being used by officials from the California Department of Transportation to monitor the freeways, by the California Spacial Reference Center to survey property boundaries and infrastructure locations, and by water officials in Los Angeles to keep track of ground movements around thousands of miles of pipeline, officials said.

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SPACE ENVIRONMENT CENTER

SPACE WEATHER -2008 - links to 2009

U.S.G.S. SATELLITE IMAGE ATLAS OF GLACIERS OF THE WORLD

OTHER EARTHQUAKE SITES

Council of the National Seismic System (CNSS): http://www.cnss.org

CNSS authoritative composite catalog: http://quake.geo.berkeley.edu/cnss

The Consortium of Organizations for Strong-Motion Observation Systems (COSMOS) http://www.cosmos-eq.org

International Association of Seismology and Physics of the Earth's Interior (IASPEI): http://www.iaspei.org

International Seismological Centre, United Kingdom: http://www.isc.ac.uk

IRIS Headquarters:

http://www.iris.edu

Data Management Center, - Global Seismograph Network, - IRIS PASSCAL Center, - Education and Outreach.

NOAA - National Geophysical Data Center - Earthquake Data http://www.ngdc.noaa.gov/seg/hazard/earthqk.html

USGS - National Strong Motion Program: http://nsmp.wr.usgs.gov

USGS National Earthquake Information Center (NEIC): http://neic.usgs.gov

Earthquake Hazards Program: http://earthquake.usgs.gov

SURFING THE INTERNET FOR STRONG MOTION DATA (provided by Dave Wald):http://earthquake.usgs.gov/regional/sca/

California Institutions.

U.C. Berkeley Seismograph Station: http://www.seismo.berkeley.edu/seismo/Homepage.html

Bay Area Government Online (ABAG) earthquake information: http://www.abag.ca.gov/bayarea/eqmaps/eqmaps.html

Caltech Seismology Lab::http://www.seismolab.caltech.edu/

 

Earthquake Engineering Research Center, UC Berkeley: http://www.eerc.berkeley.edu

Earthquake Engineering at USC: http://www.usc.edu/dept/civil_eng/Earthquake_eng

Humboldt State University, Geology: http://sorrel.humboldt.edu/~geodept/earthquakes/eqk_info.html

Northern Calif. Earthquake Data Center (UC Berkeley): http://quake.geo.berkeley.edu

Public Seismic Network (San Fransisco area): http://psn.quake.net

Southern California Earthquake Center - Main Page http://www.scec.org

Southern California Earthquake Data Center@Caltech (SCEC): http://www.scecdc.scec.org

U.C. Santa Barbara Institute for Crustal Studies: http://www.crustal.ucsb.edu

Univ. of Southern California, Geophysics Program: http://www.usc.edu/dept/earth/research/geophysics.html

Southern California Earthquake Center@UCLA (SCEC): http://scec.ess.ucla.edu

Stanford University: http://pangea.stanford.edu/~beroza/seismo.html

USGS Menlo Park (northern Calif): http://quake.wr.usgs.gov

USGS, Pasadena Field Office: http://pasadena.wr.usgs.gov

Institutions in Alaska and the Pacific Northwest.

Univ. of Alaska, Geophysical Institute: http://www.giseis.alaska.edu/Seis/

Univ. of Washington, Geophysics: http://www.geophys.washington.edu/SEIS/

West Coast & Alaska Tsunami Warning Center: 

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Institutions in the inter-mountain US

Albuquerque Seismology Lab (USGS): http://aslwww.cr.usgs.gov

Univ. of Arizona (SASO): http://www.geo.arizona.edu/saso

Univ. of Colorado - Dept. of Physics (Geophysics Group): http://tagg.colorado.edu/geophysics.html

Los Alamos Seismic Research Center, LANL, New Mexico http://www.lasrc.lanl.gov

New Mexico Tech - Geophysics Program: http://www.ees.nmt.edu/Geop

Univ. of Nevada Reno: http://www.seismo.unr.edu

US Bureau of Reclamation (WY, CO): http://www.seismo.usbr.gov/seismo/eqinfo.html

Univ. of Utah (UUSS): http://www.quake.utah.edu

Wyoming State Geological Survey - Geologic Hazards Section- http://www.wrds.uwyo.edu/wrds/wsgs/hazards/quakes/quake.html

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Institutions in the Eastern US

Harvard University Seismology: http://www.seismology.harvard.edu

Indiana State Univ. "IndiSeis": http://www.indstate.edu/gga/recent/index.html

IRIS Headquarters: http://www.iris.edu

LCSN at LDEO Colombia U.: http://www.ldeo.columbia.edu/LCSN

University of Memphis - Center for Earthquake Research and Information (CERI): http://www.ceri.memphis.edu

Univ. of Michigan, "MichSeis":  http://www.geo.lsa.umich.edu/MichSeis

MIT Earth Resources Lab: http://www-erl.mit.edu

Oklahoma Geological Survey: http://www.okgeosurvey1.gov

Saint Louis University: http://www.eas.slu.edu/Earthquake_Center

Princeton University: http://geoweb.princeton.edu

University of Tennessee (Eastern Tennessee Seismic Network): http://tanasi.gg.utk.edu

Washington University, Saint Louis, MO (Seismology): http://levee.wustl.edu/seismology/

Weston Observatory of Boston College: http://www.bc.edu/bc_org/avp/cas/wesobs

Western Hemisphere Institutions (outside the US)

Canada

Canadian National Earthquake Hazards Program: http://www.seismo.nrcan.gc.ca

Lithoprobe Seismic Processing Facility, Canada: http://www.litho.ucalgary.ca/

Pacific Geoscience Centre - Western Canadian National Earthquake Hazards Program: http://www.pgc.nrcan.gc.ca/seismo/table.htm

Southern Ontario Seismic Network (SOSN): http://www.gp.uwo.ca

Colombia

OSSO - Observatorio Sismologico del Sur Occidente, Cali, Colombia http://osso.univalle.edu.co

Costa Rica

Observatorio Vulcanologico y Sismologico de Costa Rica. OVSICORI-UNA: http://www.una.ac.cr/ovsi

Honduras

University of Honduras - Geophysics: http://www.geofys.uu.se/~dca/geophysics.html

Mexico

Instituto de Geofisica, UNAM: http://tlacaelel.igeofcu.unam.mx/

Servicio sismologico Natcional - Mexico http://www.ssn.unam.mx

Peru

Instituto Geofisico del Peru: http://www.igp.gob.pe/

Venezuela

Laboratorio de Geofisica, Universidad de Los Andes, Venezuela http://lgula.ciens.ula.ve

Fundacion Venezolana de Investigaciones Sismologicas (Funvisis), Venezuela http://www.funvisis.org.ve

Regional Centers

Regional Center for Seismology for South America (CERESIS): http://www.dgf.uchile.cl/ceresis.html

Centro Sismologico de America Central (CASC): http://www.cepredenac.org/cnc/casc

Middle America Seismograph Consortium (MIDAS): http://midas.upr.clu.edu

SALSA (Scientific ALliance for South America): http://www.dgf.uchile.cl/salsa.html

Laboratorio de Geofmsica de la Universidad de Los Andes, Venezuela: http://celeste.ciens.ula.ve

European Institutions

A more complete list of European/Mediterranean area seismograph network operators can be found at:

http://orfeus.knmi.nl/other.services/network.html

Austria

Osterreichischen Gesellschaft fur Erdbebeningenieurwesen und Baudynamik (OGE): http://www.zamg.ac.at/~oge

Belgium

Royal Observatory of Belgium -Seismology: http://www.oma.be/KSB-ORB/SEISMO

Czech Republic

Czech Geophysical Institute, Prague, Czech Republic: http://www.ig.cas.cz

Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic: http://seis.karlov.mff.cuni.cz

Masaryk University Brno, Czech Republic: http://www.ipe.muni.cz

Finland

University of Helsinki, Institute of Seismology http://www.seismo.helsinki.fi

France

Centre Sismologique Euro-Mediterraneen (CSEM): http://www.emsc-csem.org

GEOSCOPE Data Center of IPGP: http://geoscope.ipgp.jussieu.fr

Reseau SISMALP, Observatoire de Grenoble, France: http://www-lgit.obs.ujf-grenoble.fr/observations/sismalp/sismalpuk.html

Germany

Baden-Wuerttemberg Geological Survey, Erdbebendienst: http://www.lgrb.uni-freiburg.de/d/fach/led/led.htm

GEOFONE data center (Potsdam, Germany): http://www.gfz-potsdam.de/geofon

Goethe-Universitat, Frankfurt; Institut fur Meteorologie und Geophysik: http://www.geophysik.uni-frankfurt.de/geophys_en.html

German Earthquake Damage Analysis Center: http://www.uni-weimar.de/Bauing/edac

Institut fur Geophysik (GERESS), Bochum, Germany http://www.geophysik.ruhr-uni-bochum.de

Grafenberg Seismological Observatory (SZGRF):

http://www.szgrf.bgr.de

University of Munich - Department of Geophysics http://www.geophysik.uni-muenchen.de

Univ of Karlsruhe - Geophysical Institute: http://www-gpi.physik.uni-karlsruhe.de/

Geol. Institut, Abteilung Erdbebengeologie, Universität zu Köln http://www.seismo.uni-koeln.de

Greece

Aristotle University of Thessaloniki (Geophysics), Greece http://lemnos.geo.auth.gr

Athens University, Department of Geophysics-Geothermy http://www.geophysics.geol.uoa.gr

Greek National Observatory of Athens - Geodynamic Institute: http://www.gein.noa.gr

Institute of Engineering Seismology and Earthquake Engineering, Thessaloniki http://www.itsak.gr

Hungary

Seismological Observatory, Hungarian Academy of Sciences: http://www.seismology.hu

Iceland

Icelandic Meteorolgical Office, Department of Geophysics: http://www.vedur.is/ja/loki/jar_engl.html

Ireland

Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies Geophysics: http://www.geophysics.dias.ie

Israel

The Geophysical Institute of Israel: http://http://www.gii.co.il

Italy

Italian Experimental Seismic Network: http://www.iesn.org

Laboratorio di Geofisica, Camerino University, Italy: http://www.unicam.it/university/unitoper/geologia/LABGEOF.htm

The I.G.G. Seismic Network (Genoa University, Italy): http://www.dipteris.unige.it/geofisica

Friuli Experimental Seismic Network, Venezia Giulia, Italy http://www.fesn.org

Gruppo Nazionale per la Difesa dai Terremoti (CNR): http://emidius.itim.mi.cnr.it/GNDT/home.html

Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica, Italia (MedNet, Italian Telemetered Seismic Network, and other): http://www.ingrm.it

Istituto Nazionale di Oceanografia e di Geofisica Sperimentale, Udine http://www.crs.ogs.trieste.it

Istituto di Ricerca sul Rischio Sismico, Milano e Istituto per le Tecnologie Informatiche Multimediali, Milano: http://emidius.itim.mi.cnr.it/DOM/home.html

Servizio Sismico Nazionale, Italia (National Seismic Service of Italy): http://www.dstn.it/ssn/index.html

Universita di Trieste, Italia (Dipartimento di Scienze della Terra): http://www.dst.univ.trieste.it/DST/dst.s.main.html

International Centre for Theoretical Physics, Trieste, Italy (Structure and non-linear dynamics of the earth group): http://www.ictp.trieste.it/sand

Osservatorio Geofisico Sperimentale di Macerata, Italy: http://www.geofisico.wnt.it

Osservatorio Vesuviano, Napoli, Italy http://www.osve.unina.it/seismogroup.htm

The Netherlands

Network of Autonomously Recording Seismographs - NARS, Utrecht University, The Netherlands http://www.geof.ruu.nl/~nars

ORFEUS Data Center (Royal Netherlands Meteorological Institute - KNMI): http://orfeus.knmi.nl

Norway

Institute of Solid Earth Physics, University of Bergen http://www.ifjf.uib.no/seismo/index.htm

NORSAR (Research Council of Norway): http://www.norsar.no

Poland

Polish Academy of Sciences of Institute of Geophysics, Warszawa, Poland: http://wwwseis.igf.edu.pl

Portugal

Instituto Geofisico do Infante D. Luis, Portugal http://www.igidl.ul.pt

Romania

Romania National Institute for Earth Physics (RONIEP): http://www.infp.ro

Russia

Russian Academy of Sciences. Planetary Geophysics. Moscow, Russia: http://www.wdcb.rssi.ru

Spain

Instituto Andaluz de Geofisica, Spain http://www.ugr.es/iag/iagpds.html

Institut Cartografic de Catalunya, Barcelona: http://www.icc.es/sismes/home.html

Instituto de Ciencias de la Tierra 'Jaume Almera', Barcelona http://dg.ija.csic.es

Instituto Geografico Nacional (IGN) - Madrid, Spain: http://www.geo.ign.es

Switzerland

Swiss Seismological Service, ETH Zurich (Europe and world-wide catalogs and maps): http://seismo.ethz.ch

Turkey

Kandilli Observatory and Earthquake Research Institute (Turkey): http://www.koeri.boun.edu.tr

Ministry of Public Works and Settlement, Earthquake Research Department, Republic of Turkey: http://www.deprem.gov.tr

Tubitak MRC Earth Sciences Research Institute: http://www.nemrut.mam.gov.tr

United Kingdom

U of Bristol Earthquake Engineering Research Centre: http://www.fen.bris.ac.uk/civil/eerc/eerc.html

British Geological Survey, Global Seismology Research Group: http://www.gsrg.nmh.ac.uk/gsrg.html

Edinburgh, Scotland (very slow for US users): http://www.geo.ed.ac.uk/quakes/quakes.html

Yugoslavia

Montenegro Seismological Observatory, Podgorica, Yugoslavia: http://www.seismo.cg.yu

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Institutions in Africa, Asia and Oceania

South Asia

Amateur Seismic Center for south Asia: http://www.geocities.com/stasertin

 

Southeast Asia

ASEAN Earthquake Information Center (AEIC): http://aeic.bmg.go.id

Algeria

Departement Etudes et Surveillance Sismique, Algeria http://www.craag.edu.dz/Site_ess/index.htm

Australia

Australian Geological Survey, Australian Seismological Centre: www.agso.gov.au

Australian National University, (RSES Seismology): http://rses.anu.edu.au/seismology/seismology.html

Seismology Research Centre, Melbourne: http://www.seis.com.au

India

India Meteorological Department http://www.imd.ernet.in/section/seismo/dynamic

Japan

Earthquake Research Institute at the University of Tokyo: http://www.eri.u-tokyo.ac.jp

Geological Survey of Japan - Earthquake Research: http://www.aist.go.jp/GSJ/pEQ/eq_top.htm

Kyoshin Net (K-NET) - Japan strong-motion data center of NRI for Earth Science and Disaster Prevention http://www.k-net.bosai.go.jp/

Fundamental Research on Earthquakes and Earth'S Interior Anomalies- (Freesia) of NIED, Japan - broad-band network: http://argent.geo.bosai.go.jp/freesia

National Research Institute for Earth Science and Disaster Prevention (NIED), Japan - home page: http://www.bosai.go.jp/center/

Morocco

Institut Scientifique, Rabat, Morocco (Dipartement de Physique du Globe): http://www.israbat.ac.ma/acceuil.htm

New Zealand

Institute of Geological and Nuclear Sciences: http://www.gns.cri.nz/earthact/earthquakes

Philippines

Philippine Institute of Volcanology and Seismology http://www.phivolcs.dost.gov.ph

South Africa

Geological Survey of South Africa, Seismic Research Unit http://www.geoscience.org.za/seismo

Alaska Volcano Observatory (AVO):http://www.avo.alaska.edu

Cascades Volcano Observatory (CVO): http://vulcan.wr.usgs.gov/home.html

Mount Erebus Volcanic Observatory (New Mexico Tech): http://www.ees.nmt.edu/Geop/erebus.html

Hawaiian Volcano Observatory (USGS/HVO): http://www.soest.hawaii.edu/hvo

USGS Volcano Hazards Program - Long Valley Caldera: http://quake.wr.usgs.gov/VOLCANOES/LongValley/index.html

Yellowstone Caldera seismicity - Univ. of Utah: http://www.seis.utah.edu/HTML/YPSeismicityMaps.html

Links to more general Volcanology information.

Michigan Technological University Volcanoes Page: http://www.geo.mtu.edu/volcanoes/other.html

Smithsonian Institution - Global Volcanism Program: http://www.nmnh.si.edu/gvp

US Geological Survey general volcano pages: http://volcanoes.usgs.gov

Volcanosurfing pages by Hugues Dufumier: http://eost.u-strasbg.fr/~hugues/subvolcano.html

Other useful references

American Geophysical Union:

http://earth.agu.org/homepage.html

Council of the National Seismic System (US) http://www.cnss.org

Earthquake Engineering Research Institute (EERI): http://www.eeri.org

European Geophysical Society http://www.mpae.gwdg.de/EGS/EGS.html

European Seismological Commission: http://www.gsrg.nmh.ac.uk/esc

Seismological Society of America http://www.seismosoc.org

Cascade Region Earthquake Workgroup (CREW) - public-private coalition http://www.crew.org

Central United States Earthquake Consortium http://www.cusec.org

Missouri Seismic Safety Commission: http://www.eas.slu.edu/MSSC

Western States Seismic Policy Council (WSSPC): http://www.wsspc.org

General Tsunami information and resources - C.E. University of Washington: http://www.geophys.washington.edu/tsunami/intro.html

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VOLCANOES

VOLCANOES OBSERVATORY - ALASKA

VOLCANOES - CASCADES

VOLCANOES - CASCADES

VOLCANOES - CASCADE INFO

VOLCANOES OBSERVATORY- CASCADES PAGE

VOLCANOE OBSERVATORY - HAWAII

VOLCANO - MT. HOOD

Volcano Links @ Disaster Net

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Other Volcano News and Information Sites
California Volcanoes and Volcanic Areas
May 1915 Eruptions of Lassen Peak

Cascade Range Volcanoes
Recent Mount St. Helens, WA Earthquake List

Alaska Volcano Observatoy

Smithsonian Institution, Volcanoes of the World

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TSUNAMI RESEARCH PROGRAM

CNN WEATHER

WEATHER ANOMALY PAGE

WEATHER & CLIMATE MAPS

EARTHWATCH - WEATHER ON COMMAND

GLOBAL CLIMATE MONITORING

GLOBAL COOLING

GLOBALLY AVERAGED TEMPERATURE WATCH

GLOBAL WARMING

IS EARTH'S TEMPERATURE UP OR DOWN OR BOTH?

LARSON ICE SHELF

LOWE'S WEATHER PAGE

Earth's Current Population

Compute Sunrise, Sunset & Twilight

Virtual Reality Weather Movies

Tracking the North Magnetic Pole

Project Earth ~ Krsanna Duran

Approximately 35,000 die of hunger each day in this world of plenty. Why should we concern ourselves with this?

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